Constellations
Centaurus constellation
Centaurus is an ancient constellation depicting a creature that is half man, half horse, often identified with the wise Chiron, teacher of many Greek heroes. It is one of the largest constellations and contains the nearest star system to the Sun, Rigil Kentaurus and Toliman, about 4.4 light years away; the faint red dwarf Proxima Centauri belongs to the same system. Hadar is another very bright star, and together the two point towards the Southern Cross. Centaurus also holds Omega Centauri, the largest globular cluster of the Milky Way, and the striking radio galaxy Centaurus A. From Central Europe, only the northern parts, including the star Menkent, creep just above the southern horizon on spring evenings. The brightest stars and Omega Centauri stay below the horizon.
The brightest stars in Centaurus
| Star | HIP | Magnitude | Distance | Light set off | Name this star |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rigil Kentaurusα¹ Cen | 71683 | -0.01 | 4 light years | around 2022 | Name this star: Rigil Kentaurus |
| Hadarβ Cen | 68702 | 0.61 | 392 light years | around 1630 | Name this star: Hadar |
| Tolimanα² Cen | 71681 | 1.35 | 4 light years | around 2022 | Name this star: Toliman |
| Menkentθ Cen | 68933 | 2.06 | 59 light years | around 1967 | Name this star: Menkent |
| γ Cen | 61932 | 2.20 | 130 light years | around 1900 | Name this star: γ Cen |
| ε Cen | 66657 | 2.29 | 427 light years | around 1600 | Name this star: ε Cen |
| η Cen | 71352 | 2.33 | 306 light years | around 1720 | Name this star: η Cen |
| ζ Cen | 68002 | 2.55 | 382 light years | around 1640 | Name this star: ζ Cen |
| δ Cen | 59196 | 2.58 | 415 light years | around 1610 | Name this star: δ Cen |
| ι Cen | 65109 | 2.75 | 59 light years | around 1967 | Name this star: ι Cen |
| λ Cen | 56561 | 3.11 | 420 light years | around 1610 | Name this star: λ Cen |
| κ Cen | 73334 | 3.13 | 383 light years | around 1640 | Name this star: κ Cen |
| ν Cen | 67464 | 3.41 | 437 light years | around 1590 | Name this star: ν Cen |
| μ Cen | 67472 | 3.47 | 506 light years | around 1520 | Name this star: μ Cen |
| φ Cen | 68245 | 3.83 | 525 light years | around 1500 | Name this star: φ Cen |
Distances from the Hipparcos catalogue. For very distant stars they are uncertain – the year the light set off is therefore only a rough guide.
Frequently asked questions
When can you see the Centaurus constellation?
From Central Europe Centaurus only rises low above the southern horizon. Your best chance is in the evening in May with a clear view south – further south, for example around the Mediterranean, you will see much more of it.
What is the brightest star in Centaurus?
The brightest star in Centaurus is Rigil Kentaurus (α¹ Cen) with an apparent magnitude of -0.01, about 4 light years away.
Can I name a star in Centaurus?
Yes – for free at Sternschenker. Our catalogue contains 283 naked-eye stars in Centaurus. Pick one, give it a name and download your certificate as a PDF. The name is symbolic and not recognised by the IAU.
Which star will it be?
The sky is waiting. Naming your star takes about two minutes.
Name a star in Centaurus